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|image_map = German Empire - Prussia (1871).svg |image_map_caption = The Kingdom of Prussia (dark red) at its greatest extent, after the de facto incorporation of Saxe-Lauenburg in 1866. |capital = Berlin |latd=52 |latm=31 |latNS=N |longd=13 |longm=24 |longEW=E |common_languages = Official: German }} |religion = Majority: Protestant (Lutheran and Reformed) |government_type = |title_leader = King |leader1 = Frederick I |year_leader1 = 1701–1713 |leader2 = Wilhelm II |year_leader2 = 1888–1918 |title_deputy = |deputy1 = Adolf Heinrich |year_deputy1 = 1848 |deputy2 = Maximilian William |year_deputy2 = 1918 |legislature = ''Landtag'' |house1 = ''Herrenhaus'' |house2 = ''Abgeordnetenhaus'' |era = |event_start = Frederick I |date_start = 18 January |event1 = |date_event1 = 14 October 1806 |event2 = Congress of Vienna |date_event2 = 9 June 1815 |event3 = |date_event3 = 5 December 1848 |event4 = Germany unified |date_event4 = 18 January 1871 |event_end = |date_end = 28 November |event_post = Treaty of Versailles |date_post = 28 June 1919 |stat_year1 = 1816〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.deutsche-schutzgebiete.de/koenigreich_preussen.htm )〕 |stat_pop1= 10349031 |stat_year2 = 1871〔 |stat_pop2 = 24689000 |stat_year3 = 1910〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.gemeindeverzeichnis.de/gem1900/gem1900.htm?gem1900_2.htm )〕 |stat_pop3 = 34472509 |stat_area3 = 348779 |currency = |p1 = Holy Roman Empire |flag_p1 = Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806).svg |p2 = Brandenburg-Prussia |flag_p2 = Flag of Brandenburg (1660–1750).svg |p3 = Royal Prussia |flag_p3 = Flag of Prussia (1466-1772) Lob.svg |p4 = Free City of Danzig (Napoleonic) |flag_p4 = Gdansk flag.svg |p5 = Swedish Pomerania |flag_p5 = Naval Ensign of Sweden.svg |border_p5 = no |p6 = Electorate of Hesse |flag_p6 = Flag of Hesse.svg |p7 = Free City of Frankfurt |flag_p7 = Flagge der Freien Stadt Frankfurt.png |p8 = Duchy of Nassau |flag_p8 = Flagge Herzogtum Nassau (1806-1866).svg |p9 = Kingdom of Hanover |flag_p9 = Flag of Hanover 1837-1866.svg |p10 = Duchy of Holstein |flag_p10 = Flag of Denmark.svg |p11 = Duchy of Schleswig |flag_p11 = Flag of Denmark.svg |p12 = Saxe-Lauenburg |flag_p12 = Flag of Lauenburg.svg |s1 = Free State of Prussia |flag_s1 = Flag of Prussia (1918–1933).svg |today = |footnotes = | Statement of Abdication of William II}} }} The Kingdom of Prussia ((ドイツ語:Königreich Preußen)) was a German kingdom that constituted the state of Prussia between 1701 and 1918 and included parts of present-day Germany, Poland, Russia, Lithuania, Denmark, Belgium and the Czech Republic.〔Marriott, J. A. R., and Charles Grant Robertson. The Evolution of Prussia, the Making of an Empire,. Rev. ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1946.〕 It was the driving force behind the unification of Germany in 1871, and was the leading state of the German Empire until its dissolution in 1918.〔 Although it took its name from the region called Prussia, it was based in the Brandenburg, where its capital was Berlin. The kings of Prussia were from the House of Hohenzollern. Prussia was a great power from the time it became a kingdom, through its predecessor, Brandenburg-Prussia, which became a military power under Frederick William, known as "The Great Elector".〔Fueter, Eduard (1922). World history, 1815–1920. United States of America: Harcourt, Brace and Company. pp. 25–28, 36–44. ISBN 1-58477-077-5.〕〔Danilovic, Vesna. "When the Stakes Are High—Deterrence and Conflict among Major Powers", University of Michigan Press (2002), p 27, p225-p228〕〔() Aping the Great Powers: Frederick the Great and the Defence of Prussia's International Position 1763–86, Pp. 286–307.〕〔() The Rise of Prussia 〕 Prussia continued its rise to power under the guidance of Frederick II (Frederick the Great), the third son of Frederick William I of Prussia.〔Horn, D. B. "The Youth of Frederick the Great 1712–30." In Frederick the Great and the Rise of Prussia, 9–10. 3rd ed. London: English Universities Press, 1964.〕 Frederick the Great was instrumental in starting the Seven Years' War, holding his own against Austria, Russia, France and Sweden and establishing Prussia’s role in the German states, as well as establishing the country as a European great power.〔Horn, D. B. "The Seven Years' War." In Frederick the Great and the Rise of Prussia, 81–101. 3rd ed. London: English Universities Press, 1964.〕 After the might of Prussia was revealed it became a major power among the German states. Throughout the next hundred years Prussia went on to win many battles.〔Atkinson, C. T. A History of Germany, 1715–1815,. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1969.〕 It was because of its power that Prussia continuously tried to unify all the German states under their rule. After the Napoleonic Wars the issue of unifying Germany into one country caused revolution throughout the German states. each wanting their own constitution.〔 Initial attempts to unite Germany were unsuccessful, until the time of the North German Confederation which lasted from 1867–1871.〔 It was seen as more of an alliance of military strength in the aftermath of the Austro-Prussian War but many of its laws were later used in the German Empire. The German Empire lasted from 1871–1918 with the successful unification of all the German states under Prussian hegemony.〔 This was due to the defeat of Napoleon III in the Franco-Prussian war of 1870–1871. The war united all the German states against a common enemy, and with the victory came an overwhelming wave of patriotism which changed the opinions of some of those who had been against unification. In 1871, Germany unified into a single country, minus Austria, with Prussia the dominant power.〔 Prussia is considered the legal predecessor of the unified German Reich (1871–1945) and as such a direct ancestor of today's Federal Republic of Germany.〔 The formal abolition of Prussia, carried out on 25 February 1947 by the ''fiat'' of the Allied Control Council referred to an alleged tradition of the kingdom as a bearer of militarism and reaction, and made way for the current setup of the German states. However, the Free State of Prussia (), which followed the abolition of the Kingdom of Prussia in the aftermath of World War I, was a major democratic force in Weimar Germany until the nationalist coup of 1932 known as the Preußenschlag. The Kingdom left a significant cultural legacy, today notably promoted by the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation ((ドイツ語:Stiftung Preußischer Kulturbesitz (SPK))), which has become one of the largest cultural organisations in the world.〔Langels, Otto: ("Constitutional Reality: 50 years of the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation" ), in German, Deutschlandradio, 25 July 2007〕 == History == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kingdom of Prussia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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